- All Records
- Vermont
business invoice
https://mhc.andornot.com/en/permalink/artifact2464
- Dates
- 1906
- circa 1906
- Collection
- Dr. Michael A. Chiong Patent Medicine Collection
- Category
- Ephemera
- Classification
- Ephemera
- Accession Number
- 996001427
- Description
- Receipt from H.A. Ingham & Co., proprietors of Dr. Ingham's Nervine Pain Extractor, Vegetable Cural Pills; paper with blue and pink lines and columns, ended with a declaration that their drugs are perfectly legal according to the June 30, 1906 amendment to the Federal Food and Drugs Act; back is bl…
1 image
- Accession Number
- 996001427
- Category
- Ephemera
- Classification
- Ephemera
- MeSH Heading
- Commerce -- ephemera
- Description
- Receipt from H.A. Ingham & Co., proprietors of Dr. Ingham's Nervine Pain Extractor, Vegetable Cural Pills; paper with blue and pink lines and columns, ended with a declaration that their drugs are perfectly legal according to the June 30, 1906 amendment to the Federal Food and Drugs Act; back is blank; printing in black.
- Number Of Parts
- 1
- Provenance
- Purchased by Dr. M. Chiong for his patent medicine collection, July 15, 1995 (before).
- Maker
- H. A. Ingham & Co.
- Site Made (City)
- Vergennes
- Site Made (State)
- Vermont
- Site Made (Country)
- United States of America
- Dates
- 1906
- circa 1906
- Date Remarks
- Still around in 1915
- Material
- paper: blue; black; pink
- Inscriptions
- "Vergennes, Vt., [blank] // M [blank] // Bought of H.A. INGHAM & Co. // Proprietors of // DR. INGHAM'S NERVINE PAIN EXTRACTOR. // VEGETABLE CURAL PILLS. // L.M. INGHAM // W.D. WOODMAN // We the undersigned, do hereby guarantee that the articles of drugs listed // herein are not adulterated or misbranded within the meaning of the Federal // Food and Drugs Act, June 30, 1906, as amended
- Permanent Location
- Storage Room 2005
- 2005-5-6 Binder A
- Dimension Notes
- Length: 21.7 cm. x Width: 12.0 cm.
- Condition Remarks
- Paper sun-aged and a couple of ink spots; right corner slightly stained
- Copy Type
- Original
- Reference Types
- Book
- Reference Comments
- "Nostrums and Quackery" ed. by Arthur J. Cramp, M.D., Vol. II, 1921, p. 599
- Research Facts
- 86% alcohol, opium alkaloids, camphor, capsicum, and vegetable extractive matter; analyzed by Bureau of Chemistry; company claims that this morphine mixture is beneficial; found fraudulent and fined $100, July 13, 1915
Images
Cholera Preventive
https://mhc.andornot.com/en/permalink/artifact2400
- Dates
- 1860
- circa 1860
- Collection
- Dr. Michael A. Chiong Patent Medicine Collection
- Category
- Pharmacy and Drug Artifacts
- Classification
- Pharmacy, Infectious Diseases
- Accession Number
- 996001321
- Description
- Twelve-sided cylindrical light green glass bottle with long cylindrical neck and a top which is tooled, flanged with a flat top and squared edges; there is a printed paper label around seven of the panels, which lists product information; the bottle contains medication residue and has a cork in the…
1 image
- Accession Number
- 996001321
- Category
- Pharmacy and Drug Artifacts
- Classification
- Pharmacy, Infectious Diseases
- MeSH Heading
- Cholera -- prevention and control
- Drugs, Non-Prescription
- MM= Drugs -- patent, proprietary, over-the-counter -- container
- MM= Drug Packaging -- container -- bottle
- Description
- Twelve-sided cylindrical light green glass bottle with long cylindrical neck and a top which is tooled, flanged with a flat top and squared edges; there is a printed paper label around seven of the panels, which lists product information; the bottle contains medication residue and has a cork in the neck.
- Number Of Parts
- 1
- Provenance
- Purchased by Dr. M.Chiong for his patent medicine collection, from Scott Jordan (Ottawa), in Sept.1993.
- Maker
- E. W. Burritt
- Site Made (City)
- Burlington
- Site Made (State)
- Vermont
- Site Made (Country)
- United States of America
- Dates
- 1860
- circa 1860
- Material
- glass: light green
- cork: beige
- paper: off-white
- Inscriptions
- Label reads, "CHOLERA // PREVENTIVE // Uses listed // DOSE" (listed) "Prepared and sold by // E. W. BURRITT // APOTHECARY and DRUGGIST, // Burlington, Vermont"
- Permanent Location
- Storage Room 0010
- 0010-A5-6 Box 2 Row B
- Dimension Notes
- Length: 21.5 cm. x Diam. : 3.4 cm.
- Condition Remarks
- Bottle has a small chip on the right side of the lip; #2: bottle contains dried medication residue; cork in bottle shows some damage/loss to its outer edges; paper label on bottle shows discolouration and 8 small areas of paper loss; label is legible.
- Copy Type
- Original
- Reference Types
- Book
- Reference Comments
- "Bottles" by Michael Polak, pp. 19 & 21
- Exhibit History
- On exhibit: Hamilton Museum of Steam & Technology, Aug. 6, 2003-15 Nov. 2010.
Images
The Doctor at Home [medical reference book]
https://mhc.andornot.com/en/permalink/artifact14523
- Dates
- 1884
- Collection
- Barber Collection
- Category
- Archival Items
- Classification
- Archival, Publications
- Accession Number
- 013008001
- Description
- Soft cover medical reference book self-published and printed; medical information about people in the first section and horses at the back; 95 pages; handwritten notes on front page; missing cover, three sections hand stitched with linen thread.
5 images
- Accession Number
- 013008001
- Author
- Dr. B. Kendall
- Collection
- Barber Collection
- Category
- Archival Items
- Classification
- Archival, Publications
- MeSH Heading
- Archival
- Description
- Soft cover medical reference book self-published and printed; medical information about people in the first section and horses at the back; 95 pages; handwritten notes on front page; missing cover, three sections hand stitched with linen thread.
- Number Of Parts
- 1
- Provenance
- Items belong to donor's grandfather, Dr. Herbert L. Barber, physician, in Burkes' Falls, Ontario.
- Maker
- Dr. B. J. Kendall Co.
- Site Made (City)
- Enosburgh Falls
- Site Made (State)
- Vermont
- Site Made (Country)
- United States of America
- Dates
- 1884
- Date Remarks
- Publishing date
- Material
- paper: tan
- ink: black
- graphite: gray
- Inscriptions
- Printed on paper: "THE DOCTOR AT HOME.// Illustrated. // "TREATING THE DISEASES // OF // MAN AND THE HORSE // BY // DR. B. J. KENDALL CO., // ENOSBURGH FALLS, VT., U. S. A. // AUTHOR OF // "A TREATISE ON THE HOURSE AND HIS DISEASES" // PRINTED AT THE STEAM PRINTING HOUSE OF DR. B. J. KENDALL CO. // 1884"
- Permanent Location
- Storage Room 2005
- 2005-3
- Length
- 19.0 cm
- Width
- 12.8 cm
- Depth
- 0.6 cm
- Unit Of Measure
- centimeters
- Condition Remarks
- Paper yeloowed and edges are brittle with some missing, folded and or torn corners, front and back with overall stains and back page misisng areas around edges
- Copy Type
- original
Images
Dr. Baxter's Mandrake Bitters
https://mhc.andornot.com/en/permalink/artifact2394
- Dates
- 1860
- circa 1860
- Collection
- Dr. Michael A. Chiong Patent Medicine Collection
- Category
- Pharmacy and Drug Artifacts
- Classification
- Pharmacy, General
- Accession Number
- 996001315
- Description
- Cylindrical twelve-sided light aqua bottle with long cylindrical neck and tooled double rounded collar at the lip; five front panels are embossed; the bottle contains no medication; there is a piece of cork in the bottom of the bottle
- Accession Number
- 996001315
- Category
- Pharmacy and Drug Artifacts
- Classification
- Pharmacy, General
- MeSH Heading
- Drugs, Non-Prescription
- MM= Drugs -- patent, proprietary, over-the-counter -- vitamins, health restorers, protectors -- container
- MM= Drugs -- patent, proprietary, over-the-counter -- bitters -- container
- MM= Drugs -- container -- bottle
- Description
- Cylindrical twelve-sided light aqua bottle with long cylindrical neck and tooled double rounded
- collar at the lip; five front panels are embossed; the bottle contains no medication; there is
- a piece of cork in the bottom of the bottle
- Number Of Parts
- 1
- Provenance
- Purchased by Dr. M.Chiong for his patent medicine collection, in Kingston in Aug. 1993
- Maker
- Lord Bros.
- Site Made (City)
- Burlington
- Site Made (State)
- Vermont
- Site Made (Country)
- United States of America
- Dates
- 1860
- circa 1860
- Material
- glass: light aqua
- Inscriptions
- Front panels read, "DR. BAXTERS' // MANDRAKE BITTERS // LORD BROS. // PROPRIETOR'S // BURLINGTON
- VT."
- Permanent Location
- Storage Room 0010
- 0010-A4-7 Box 2 Row E
- Dimension Notes
- Length: 17.0 cm. x Diam. : 5.4 cm.
- Condition Remarks
- There is a small broken bubble chip at the back
- Copy Type
- Original
- Reference Types
- Book
- Reference Comments
- "Bottles" by Michael Polak, pp. 19 & 21; "Bottlers and Bottles, Canadian" by O. Urquhart, p. 55;
- "Bitters Bottles" by Richard Watson, p. 60; "The Snake-Oil Syndrome" by A. Walker Bingham,
- pp. 49-50
- Research Facts
- Original label claimed the product was an anti-bilious and Jaundice Mandrake Bitters for
- strengthening and purifying the blood
Great Things: What They Are - Where They Are [advertising booklet]
https://mhc.andornot.com/en/permalink/artifact9543
- Dates
- 1880
- 1915
- circa 1880-1915
- Collection
- University Health Network - Academy of Medicine Collection
- Category
- Archival Items
- Classification
- Archival, Advertisements
- Accession Number
- 1978.14.21
- Description
- A small booklet, rectangular in shape, 32 pages plus cover; the booklet lists geat things ranging from the "Seven Wonders of Antiquity" to the "Seven Wonders of the Middle Ages," to "Great Crusades," etc.; these are listed on odd pages while advertisements, testimonials and summares of healing powe…
2 images
- Accession Number
- 1978.14.21
- Category
- Archival Items
- Classification
- Archival, Advertisements
- MeSH Heading
- Advertising
- Drugs, Non-Prescription, advertisements
- Description
- A small booklet, rectangular in shape, 32 pages plus cover; the booklet lists geat things ranging from the "Seven Wonders of Antiquity" to the "Seven Wonders of the Middle Ages," to "Great Crusades," etc.; these are listed on odd pages while advertisements, testimonials and summares of healing powers of various remedies coincidentally also sold by the book's publisher--most commonly "Paine's Celery Compound"--are listed throughout.
- Number Of Parts
- 1
- Provenance
- Acquired from the Academy of Medicine.
- Maker
- Wells, Richardson and Co.
- Site Made (City)
- Burlington
- Site Made (State)
- Vermont
- Site Made (Country)
- United States of America
- Dates
- 1880
- 1915
- circa 1880-1915
- Material
- paper: white; green
- Inscriptions
- Printed on the cover: "CALIFORNIA BIG TREES // NIAGARA // SPHINX AND PYRAMIDS // GREAT // THINGS" in black ink and surrounded by small, decorative stylings and pictures of subject; printed in reverse on a black background: "WHAT THEY ARE // WHERE THEY ARE"; printed in black ink, "GREAT BELL, MOSCOW"; printed on back cover in black ink: "PAINE'S // CELERY // COMPOUND // A TRUE NERVE TONIC, // AN ACTIVE ALTERNATIVE, // A RELIABLE LAXATIVE // AND DIURETIC. // [horizontal line with an iron cross image in centre] // IT RESTORES STRENGTH, // RENEWS VITALITY, // PURIFIES THE BLOOD, // REGULATES THE KIDNEYS, // THE LIVER AND BOWELS. // [horizontal line with an iron cross image in centre] // PRICE $1.00 SIX FOR $5.00. // [two horizontal lines, one above the other, extending length of line] // FOR SALE BY"; also printed on the back cover is an illustration of packaging depicting Paine's Celery Compound (packaging text is listed in illustration)
- Permanent Location
- Storage Room 2005
- 2005-5-7 Binder C
- Dimension Notes
- Length 14.4 cm x Width 11.1 cm x Depth 0.2 cm
- Condition Remarks
- The original green colour of the cover has faded and the newsprint of the booklet has yellowed with age; some water staining is visible on the front and back covers.
- Copy Type
- Original
- Reference Types
- Book
- Reference Comments
- "Spring and Summer Catalogue (No. 46)," The T. Eaton Co., 1901 (reprinted 1970), p. 117
Images
Green Mountain Asthmatic Compound
https://mhc.andornot.com/en/permalink/artifact2336
- Dates
- 1900
- circa 1900
- Collection
- Dr. Michael A. Chiong Patent Medicine Collection
- Category
- Pharmacy and Drug Artifacts
- Classification
- Pharmacy, Respiratory
- Accession Number
- 996001257
- Description
- Cardboard box sealed with a single sheet of printed paper and string; the box contains asthmatic compound; the paper wrapper has product information printed on it in red and green ink
- Accession Number
- 996001257
- Category
- Pharmacy and Drug Artifacts
- Classification
- Pharmacy, Respiratory
- Description
- Cardboard box sealed with a single sheet of printed paper and string; the box contains asthmatic
- compound; the paper wrapper has product information printed on it in red and green ink
- Number Of Parts
- 1
- Provenance
- Purchased by Dr. M. Chiong for his patent medicine collection; purchased from Goodrich, USA in
- Oct. 1993
- Maker
- J.H. Guild Co.
- Site Made (City)
- Rupert
- Site Made (State)
- Vermont
- Site Made (Country)
- United States of America
- Dates
- 1900
- circa 1900
- Material
- cardboard: brown
- paper: light beige
- fabric: beige
- Inscriptions
- Wrapper reads, "GREEN MOUNTAIN // ASTHMATIC COMPOUND // TRADE MARK // Reg. U.S. Pat. Off. //
- (front); "J.H. GUILD CO." (side); "RUPERT, VERMONT, USA" (side); "TRIAL PACKAGE // GREEN
- MOUNTAIN // Asthmatic Compound // PRICE 25 CENTS" (bottom)
- Permanent Location
- Storage Room 0010
- 0010-A2-5 Row B
- Dimension Notes
- Length: 4.6 cm. x Width: 8.0 cm. x Depth: 1.4 cm.
- Condition Remarks
- Box is sealed, unopened and unused; there is one small tear in the wrapping paper; the string
- is intact
- Copy Type
- Original
- Reference Types
- Book
- Reference Comments
- "The Snake-Oil Syndrome" by A. Walker Bingham, p. 133
- Research Facts
- Asthmatic compound
- Exhibit History
- May 24 - Sept. 13, 2001: Agnes Etherington Art Centre Museopathy exhibit
Lactated Food trade card
https://mhc.andornot.com/en/permalink/artifact2453
- Dates
- 1872
- circa 1872
- Collection
- Dr. Michael A. Chiong Patent Medicine Collection
- Category
- Archival Items
- Classification
- Archival, Advertisements
- Accession Number
- 996001416
- Description
- Light cardboard trade card for Lactated Food; front: colour chromolithograph of a chubby, naked fairy playing a reed flute on a riverbank to some butterflies nearby; framed at the top and bottom by script describing who and how Lactated Food helps (children, infants, enfeebled adults); back: brown …
2 images
- Accession Number
- 996001416
- Category
- Archival Items
- Classification
- Archival, Advertisements
- Description
- Light cardboard trade card for Lactated Food; front: colour chromolithograph of a chubby, naked fairy playing a reed flute on a riverbank to some butterflies nearby; framed at the top and bottom by script describing who and how Lactated Food helps (children, infants, enfeebled adults); back: brown writing on tan; shows trademark and picture of two rings looped together, each with a picture inside, one showing two cows and the other showing a field of grain, and some that had been harvested already, representing the ingredients -- sugar of milk, wheat (gluten), barley (Diastase), and oats; size of a small postcard.
- Number Of Parts
- 1
- Provenance
- Purchased by Dr. M. Chiong for his patent medicine collection, July 15, 1995 (before).
- Maker
- Wells, Richardson & Co. (product)
- Site Made (City)
- Burlington
- Site Made (State)
- Vermont
- Site Made (Country)
- United States of America
- Dates
- 1872
- circa 1872
- Date Remarks
- Around in 1892 and was still aroung in 1911 (Eaton's and Hudson Bay catalogues); made after Paine's Celery Compound and Diamond Dyes
- Material
- paper: red/pink; yellow; blue; green; brown
- Inscriptions
- "Thousands of children are insufficiently nourished, // and must be puny and fretful. Lactated Food will // give them strength and flesh, and make them joyous // and happy. // In the enfeebled digestion of invalids, Lactated Food // is more easily assimilated than any other nutritive. // In old age it gives strength to the physical and nervous // systems"; back: "Wells, Richardson & Co's // LACTATED FOOD, // FOR INFANTS AND INVALIDS. // GREAT SUCCESS // Has followed ..."; describes uses and the ingredients/constituents in the product
- Permanent Location
- Storage Room 2005
- 2005-5-6 Binder A
- Dimension Notes
- Length: 15.0 cm. x Width: 9.8 cm.
- Condition Remarks
- Front: small stain on right edge about 1/3 of the way up; edges a little worn; back: pencil doodles in top half and stain on left side (same as the front, just soaked through) and small stain (also seen on front) near the lower right corner
- Copy Type
- Original
- Reference Types
- Book
- Reference Comments
- "The Snake-Oil Syndrome, Patent Medicine Advertising" by A. Walker Bingham, p. 71; "The Golden Age of Quackery" by Stewart H. Holbrook, p. 60; "Step Right Up" by Brooks McNamara, colour insert # 8, four pictures of Lactated Food trade cards; "American Health Quackery" by James Harvey Young, pp. 141-142
- Research Facts
- Packed in square tins saying "The Physicians Favourite ... Sure Cure for Cholera Infantum ... Perfect Nutrient for Invalids", etc.; images of children predominant since they were for children; since it had a milk base, often used cows in ads too; hovered between foods and drugs, promising to make youngsters healthily plump
Images
Neurotic Oil
https://mhc.andornot.com/en/permalink/artifact2412
- Dates
- 1860
- circa 1860
- Collection
- Dr. Michael A. Chiong Patent Medicine Collection
- Category
- Pharmacy and Drug Artifacts
- Classification
- Pharmacy, General
- Accession Number
- 996001333
- Description
- Rectangular light aqua glass bottle with long cylindrical neck and a lip which is tooled, flanged with a flat top and squared edges; there is also a separate ring lower on the neck near the base; all four panels are recessed; there are printed paper labels attached to the bottle's front and back, w…
- Accession Number
- 996001333
- Category
- Pharmacy and Drug Artifacts
- Classification
- Pharmacy, General
- Description
- Rectangular light aqua glass bottle with long cylindrical neck and a lip which is tooled, flanged with a flat top and squared edges; there is also a separate ring lower on the neck near the base; all four panels are recessed; there are printed paper labels attached to the bottle's front and back, which list product information; the bottle contains a very small amount of Neurotic Oil which is sealed in with a cork in the neck; bottle bottom has embossed lettering.
- Number Of Parts
- 1
- Provenance
- Purchased by Dr. M.Chiong for his patent medicine collection, from Goodrich, USA in Oct.1993.
- Maker
- Neurotic Oil Company
- Site Made (City)
- Burlington
- Site Made (State)
- Vermont
- Site Made (Country)
- United States of America
- Dates
- 1860
- circa 1860
- Date Remarks
- Bottle likely made between 1860 and 1880
- Material
- glass: light aqua
- paper: light beige
- cork: beige
- Inscriptions
- Label reads, "A HOUSEHOLD // REMEDY // For Internal and // External use // NEUROTIC // OIL // Put up by the // NEUROTIC OIL // COMPANY. // Burlington, Vt."; back label reads, "DIRECTIONS // FOR INTERNAL // USE // [listed] // FOR EXTERNAL // USE // [listed]" Bottle bottom embossed, "W.T. & CO. // 8 // U.S.A."
- Permanent Location
- Storage Room 0010
- 0010-A5-6 Box 2 Row C
- Dimension Notes
- Length: 12.3 cm. x Width: 4.4 cm. x Depth: 2.4 cm.
- Condition Remarks
- The bottle has no chips, cracks or wear; both labels are complete, undamaged and fully legible; the cork is complete, shows only minor wear and seals the remaining liquid inside the bottle
- Copy Type
- Original
- Reference Types
- Book
- Reference Comments
- "Bottles" by Michael Polak, pp. 19 & 21
- Exhibit History
- Bracken Library - Chiong exhibit - May 13 1997
Paine's Celery Compound
https://mhc.andornot.com/en/permalink/artifact2389
- Dates
- 1872
- 1900
- circa 1872-1900
- Collection
- Dr. Michael A. Chiong Patent Medicine Collection
- Category
- Pharmacy and Drug Artifacts
- Classification
- Pharmacy, General
- Accession Number
- 996001310
- Description
- Empty tall square amber glass bottle with long cylindrical neck with cork closure style, missing cork; tan paper label on the front and back which list product information as well as a drawing of celery bunch with a child peering out; sides are embossed with text for product name; back label lists …
5 images
- Accession Number
- 996001310
- Category
- Pharmacy and Drug Artifacts
- Classification
- Pharmacy, General
- Description
- Empty tall square amber glass bottle with long cylindrical neck with cork closure style, missing cork; tan paper label on the front and back which list product information as well as a drawing of celery bunch with a child peering out; sides are embossed with text for product name; back label lists usage directions in English and German.
- Number Of Parts
- 1
- Provenance
- Purchased by Dr. M Chiong for his patent medicine collection, from Goodrich, USA, in Oct. 1993.
- Maker
- Wells, Richardson & Co.
- Site Made (City)
- Burlington
- Site Made (State)
- Vermont
- Site Made (Country)
- United States of America
- Dates
- 1872
- 1900
- circa 1872-1900
- Material
- glass: brown
- paper: tan
- ink: black
- Inscriptions
- Embossed: "CELERY COMPOUND // PAINE'S"; printed on label: "CELERY // Compound // TRADE MARK REGISTERED // PAINE'S // CELERY // COMPOUND // A TRUE NERVE TONIC, // AN ACTIVE ALTERNATIVE, // A RELIABLE LAXATIVE, // AND DIURETIC // IT RESTORES STRENGTH, // RENEWS VITALITY, // PURIFIES THE BLOOD, // REGULATES THE KIDNEYS, // LIVER AND BOWELS // PRICE $1.00 // PREPARED BY // WELLS, RICHARDSON & CO. // SOLE PROPRIETORS. // BURLINGTON, VT."; back label lists directions in English and German: "DIRECTIONS FOR USING PAINE'S CELERY COMPOUND. // [illeg] Should be graduated to suit the patient, enough being taken to act upon the bowels and keep // [illeg], but lessening the dose if it acts too strongly: for adults, from a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful // [illeg] water four times a day, before eating and at bed time; lessen the dose for children according to age. // [illeg] of Neuralgia and Rheumatism double the above dose for the first two days, and in severe and // obstinate cases, or in any disease complicated with Scrofula, add one-eighth ounce of Iodine of Potassium to // each bottle, then use the medicine faithfully."; repeats in German
- Permanent Location
- Storage Room 0010
- 0010-A2-1 Row D
- Temporary Location
- On exhibit “Quack: The Exhibit that cures all” at Museum of Health Care, 29 June 2017.
- Unit Of Measure
- centimeters
- Dimension Notes
- Length: 24.8 cm. x Width: 6.6 cm. x Depth: 6.6 cm.
- Condition Remarks
- Paper yellowed and minor stains overall; front label is in good condition, except for small loss at top left corner; back label is missing small sections from the upper left and lower right corners, with staining; most printing is legible; bottle without chips, cracks, or wear; missing cork
- Copy Type
- Original
- Reference Types
- Book
- Reference Comments
- "The Great American Medicine Show" by Armstrong & Armstrong, p. 166; "Bottles" by Michael Polak, pp. 19 & 21; "The Snake-Oil Syndrome" by A. Walker Bingham, pp. 32 & 50; "The Golden Age of Quackery" by Stewart H. Holbrook, pp. 52-57; "The Great American Fraud" by Samuel Hopkins Adams, pp. 16 & 17, Hudson's Bay Fall and Winter Catalogue, 1910-1911
- Research Facts
- Paine's Celery Compound first made in 1872; very popular in the 1890's; bottle likely made between 1860 and 1880.
- Contained 21% alcohol, also found in the U.S. (bottle Burlington, VT.), Wells & Richardson bought formula from Mrs. Paine, a Burlington, VT. widow; with natural ingredients of "celery extract, hops and coca" -- combination of cocaine and alcohol; Samuel Hopkins Adams put Paine's in the category of The Bracers (alcoholic stimulants)
Images
