Was used in an exhibit for the International Congress of the History of Medicine in Montreal; used by the North American Indians; note: crude drugs were used in Canada quite extensively until around the 1920s; habitat for Zanthoxylum americanum: damp woods from Quebec to Virginia and west to Ontario; South Dakota through Kansas and Nebraska; parts used: bark, roots, berries; uses: toothache, rheumatism , venereal disease, anti-spasmodic; constituents: berberine--mild sedative; official preparations: U.S.P 1820-1926.